Data Science

Satellite Images Help Track a Vehicle

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  • Researchers from the Toyota Technological Institute at Chicago and Carnegie Mellon University developed a deep learning method that locates ground vehicles using only satellite imagery as prior environmental knowledge.
  • The multi-view neural network matches ground-level images with corresponding satellite views, trained on KITTI dataset ground-level images paired with matching satellite imagery.
  • The network architecture uses two independent convolutional neural networks adapted from VGG-16, combining mid-level and high-level features to measure distance between ground and satellite perspectives.
  • Experiments were accelerated with TITAN X GPUs, CUDA, and Keras with the Theano framework.

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Researchers from the Toyota Technological Institute at Chicago (TTIC) and Carnegie Mellon University developed a deep learning-based method that locates a ground vehicle by using satellite imagery as the only prior knowledge of the environment.
Knowing the exact location of a vehicle is critical for autonomous cars, and currently GPS systems are being used which the researchers claim suffer from limited precision and are sensitive to multipath effects – such as in “urban canyons” formed by tall buildings.
Using TITAN X GPUs, CUDA, and Keras with the Theano deep learning framework, the researchers multi-view neural network learns to match ground-level images with their corresponding satellite view. For training, they used ground-level images from the KITTI dataset collected from a moving vehicle and paired them with the matching satellite image.

A visualization of their network architecture that consists of two independent convolutional neural networks (CNNs) that take as input ground-level and satellite images. Each CNN is an adaptation of VGG-16 CNNs in which mid-level conv4-1 features are downsampled and combined with the output of the last max-pooling layer as the high-level features via summation. The resulting outputs are then used as a measure of distance between ground-level and satellite views.

The next step for the work is to adapt their model so it is able to tolerate more severe appearance variations like seasonal changes.
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