Through a project called Brain4Cars, Stanford and Cornell researchers released a new architecture consisting of Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) that use Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) units to predict driving maneuvers several seconds in advance. This enables assistive cars to alert drivers before they make a dangerous maneuver. Maneuver anticipation complements existing Advance Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) by giving drivers more time to react to road situations and thereby can prevent many accidents.
Using a Tesla K40, the researchers trained their deep learning architecture in a sequence-to-sequence prediction manner, and it explicitly learns to predict the future given only a partial temporal context. We further introduce a novel loss layer for anticipation which prevents over-fitting and encourages early anticipation. They use their architecture to anticipate driving maneuvers several seconds before they happen on a natural driving data set of 1180 miles. The context for maneuver anticipation comes from multiple sensors installed on the vehicle. The approach shows significant improvement over the state-of-the-art in maneuver anticipation by increasing the precision from 77.4% to 90.5% and recall from 71.2% to 87.4%.
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