NVSHMEM
NVSHMEM
NVSHMEM™ is a parallel programming interface based on OpenSHMEM that provides efficient and scalable communication for NVIDIA GPU clusters. NVSHMEM creates a global address space for data that spans the memory of multiple GPUs and can be accessed with fine-grained GPU-initiated operations, CPU-initiated operations, and operations on CUDA® streams.
Efficient, Strong Scaling
NVSHMEM enables long-running kernels that include both communication and computation, reducing overheads that can limit an application’s performance when strong scaling.
Low Overhead
One-sided communication primitives reduce overhead by allowing the initiating process or GPU thread to specify all information required to complete a data transfer. This low-overhead model enables many GPU threads to communicate efficiently.
Naturally Asynchronous
Asynchronous communications make it easier for programmers to interleave computation and communication, thereby increasing overall application performance.
What's new in NVSHMEM 2.6.0
- Added new GPU initiated communication transport that allows kernel initiated communication to be issued directly to the NIC and bypass the CPU proxy thread. The transport is currently provided in experimental mode. It is disabled by default. Please refer to the installation guide for how to enable it.
- Updated the libfabric transport with initial support for Slingshot-11 networks. Performance tuning for the libfabric transport is ongoing.
- Added collective algorithms for bcast/fcollect/reduce that use low latency (LL) optimization by sending data and synchronization together, resulting in significant performance improvements.
- Added warp- and block-scope implementation of recursive exchange algorithm for reduce collectives.
- Fixed bug in host/on-stream RMA API for very large data transfers.
- Fixed bug in implementation of nvshmem_fence and nvshmemx_quiet_on_stream API.
Key Features
- Combines the memory of multiple GPUs into a partitioned global address space that’s accessed through NVSHMEM APIs
- Includes a low-overhead, in-kernel communication API for use by GPU threads
- Includes stream-based and CPU-initiated communication APIs
- Supports x86 and POWER9 processors
- Is interoperable with MPI and other OpenSHMEM implementations
NVSHMEM Advantages
Increase Performance
Convolution is a compute-intensive kernel that’s used in a wide variety of applications, including image processing, machine learning, and scientific computing. Spatial parallelization decomposes the domain into sub-partitions that are distributed over multiple GPUs with nearest-neighbor communications, often referred to as halo exchanges.
In the Livermore Big Artificial Neural Network (LBANN) deep learning framework, spatial-parallel convolution is implemented using several communication methods, including MPI and NVSHMEM. The MPI-based halo exchange uses the standard send and receive primitives, whereas the NVSHMEM-based implementation uses one-sided put, yielding significant performance improvements on Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory’s Sierra supercomputer.
Efficient Strong-Scaling on Sierra Supercomputer
Efficient Strong-Scaling on NVIDIA DGX SuperPOD
Accelerate Time to Solution
Reducing the time to solution for high-performance, scientific computing workloads generally requires a strong-scalable application. QUDA is a library for lattice quantum chromodynamics (QCD) on GPUs, and it’s used by the popular MIMD Lattice Computation (MILC) and Chroma codes.
NVSHMEM-enabled QUDA avoids CPU-GPU synchronization for communication, thereby reducing critical-path latencies and significantly improving strong-scaling efficiency.
Simplify Development
The conjugate gradient (CG) method is a popular numerical approach to solving systems of linear equations, and CGSolve is an implementation of this method in the Kokkos programming model. The CGSolve kernel showcases the use of NVSHMEM as a building block for higher-level programming models like Kokkos.
NVSHMEM enables efficient multi-node and multi-GPU execution using Kokkos global array data structures without requiring explicit code for communication between GPUs. As a result, NVSHMEM-enabled Kokkos significantly simplifies development compared to using MPI and CUDA.
Productive Programming of Kokkos CGSolve
Resources
- GTC 2022:
- NVSHMEM: CUDA-Integrated Communication for NVIDIA GPUs (a Magnum IO session) [S41044]
- Connect with the Experts: High-performance Data Analytics on the GPU [CWE41542]
- Scalable Simulation of Quantum Circuit with Noise on GPU-based HPC Systems [S41855]
- An Exploration of Pencil and Slab Decomposition Performance across Supercomputing Clusters [S41153]
- Connect with the Experts: NVIDIA Math Libraries [CWE41721]
- Blogs:
- Introductory Webinar
- NVSHMEM Documentation
- NVSHMEM API Documentation
- OpenSHMEM Specification
- For questions or to provide feedback, please contact nvshmem@nvidia.com
- Related libraries and software:
Ready to start developing with NVSHMEM?